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arXiv:0904.3697 · Physical Review B

Quantum electrodynamics of a nanocavity coupled with exciton complexes in a quantum dot

Makoto Yamaguchi, Takashi Asano, Kazunobu Kojima, Susumu Noda

Published Oct 26, 2009• 51 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

A comprehensive theory of the coupling between a nanocavity and exciton complexes in a quantum dot is developed, which successfully predicts the spectral triplet in the strong coupling regime that has been observed in several experiments but, which is unexpected according to conventional cavity quantum electrodynamics. The quantum anti-Zeno effect is found to play an essential role in the appearance of the central peak in the triplet under a low-excitation regime. The effect of hyperfine interactions is also discussed, which results in the cavity-mediated mixing of bright and dark exciton states. These results provide significant new insight into solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.80.155326

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A comprehensive theory of the coupling between a nanocavity and exciton complexes in a quantum dot is developed, which successfully predicts the spectral triplet in the strong coupling regime that has been observed in several experiments but, which is unexpected according to conventional cavity quantum electrodynamics. The quantum anti-Zeno effect is found to play an essential role in the appearance of the central peak in the triplet under a low-excitation regime. The effect of hyperfine interactions is also discussed, which results in the cavity-mediated mixing of bright and dark exciton states. These results provide significant new insight into solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics.
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A single quantum dot embedded in a photonic crystal defect cavity allows for the investigation of cavity quantum electrodynamics effects in a solid-state environment. We present experiments demonstrating the quantum nature of this fundamental system in the strong coupling regime. Photon correlation measurements are used to characterize the fundamental properties of this unique system: through these experiments, we identify an unexpected, efficient sustaining mechanism that ensures strong cavity emission and is quantum correlated with the exciton resonance, even when all the quantum dot resonances are far detuned from the cavity mode.
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Abstract Inhibition and enhancement of spontaneous emission rate, first proposed by Purcell, is discussed in terms of altered density-of-modes in various types of solid-state cavities and the Purcell factor is derived for two-level atomic system. The conditions for observing Purcell factor and experimental findings in micropillars embedded with Quantum Dots (QD)s are discussed. The strong interaction between photons and matter in the form of QD excitons, dispersion relations for ground and excited states separated by Rabi splitting are discussed. Experimental photoluminescence spectra showing anticrossing of exciton lines and cavity lines by temperature and other tuning methods are used to illustrate the strong light-matter interaction. The Jayness–Cummins model based on second quantization is presented to point out Rabi oscillation, Purcell effect, and other novel features. Microcavity structures for observing cavity quantum electrodynamics effects are mentioned. Microcavity lasers predicting thresholdless operation for unity spontaneous emission coupling factors are discussed.