Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:0904.1000 · Chinese Physics C

Testing Bell inequality at experiments of high energy physics

X. Q. Hao, Ke Hong-Wei, Ding Yi-Bing, Shen Peng-Nian, Li Xue-Qian

Published Mar 1, 2010• 9 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Besides using the laser beam, it is very tempting to directly testify the Bell inequality at high energy experiments where the spin correlation is exactly what the original Bell inequality investigates. In this work, we follow the proposal raised in literature and use the successive decays J/ψ → γη c → Λ → pπ − π + to testify the Bell inequality. Our goal is twofold, namely, we first make a Monte–Carlo simulation of the processes based on the quantum field theory (QFT). Since the underlying theory is QFT, it implies that we pre-admit the validity of quantum picture. Even though the QFT is true, we need to find how big the database should be, so that we can clearly show deviations of the correlation from the Bell inequality determined by the local hidden variable theory. There have been some critiques on the proposed method, so in the second part, we suggest some improvements which may help to remedy the ambiguities indicated by the critiques. It may be realized at an updated facility of high energy physics, such as BES III.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1137/34/3/002

Related papers

Testing Bell inequality at experiments of high energy physics

X. Q. Hao, 柯红卫, 丁亦兵 +2 more

Besides using the laser beam, it is very tempting to directly testify the Bell inequality at high energy experiments where the spin correlation is exactly what the original Bell inequality investigates. In this work, we follow the proposal raised in literature and use the successive decays J/ψ→γηc→Λ...

Chinese Physics C•Jan 1, 2010•0 citations

Bell Inequalities in High Energy Physics

Yibing Ding, Junli Li, Cong‐Feng Qiao

We review in this paper the research status on testing the completeness of Quantum mechanics in High Energy Physics, especially on the Bell Inequalities. We briefly introduce the basic idea of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen paradox and the results obtained in photon experiments. In the tests of Bell inequalities in high energy physics, the early attempts of using spin correlations in particle decays and later on the mixing of neutral mesons used to form the quasi-spin entangled states are covered. The related experimental results in K^0 and B^0 systems are presented and discussed. We introduce the new scheme, which is based on the non-maximally entangled state and proposed to implement in ϕfactory, in testing the Local Hidden Variable Theory. And, we also discuss the possibility in generalizing it to the tau charm factory.

arXiv:hep-ph/0702271•Feb 27, 2007•2 citations

Bell's Inequality Loophole: Precession

Justin Lee

Justifying a local hidden variable theory requires an explanation of Bell’s in-equality violation. Ever since Bell derived the inequality to test the classical pre-diction on the correlation of two spin-12 particles, many experiments have observed the violation, and thus concluded against the local realism, while validating the non-locality of quantum entanglement. Still, many scientists remain unconvinced of quantum entanglement because the experiments have loopholes that could po-tentially allow a local realistic explanation. Upholding the local realism, this paper introduces how a precession of the spin would produce a cosine-like correlation function, and furthermore how it would also contribute to a fair sampling loophole. Simulating the precession in Monte Carlo method reveals that it can explain the observed Bell’s violation using only classical mechanics. 1

•Aug 1, 2014•0 citations

Bell's Inequality and τττ-Physics at LEP

Herbert Karl Dreiner

In this talk given at the TAU92 Workshop, Columbus, OH, Sept. 92, we summarize results presented in more detail in a recent paper by S. Abel, M. Dittmar and the author where we gave a general proof that Bell's inequality can not be tested at a collider experiment. In particular, a measurement of correlated tau-spins at LEP does not constitute a test of local realistic theories via Bell's inequality. The central point of the argument is that such tests, where the spins of two particles are inferred from a scattering distribution, can always be described by a local hidden variable theory. In response to questions at the workshop we go beyond the paper and show that an old experiment involving the measurement of the correlated spins of the two photons emitted in positronium decay via Compton-scattering is also not a viable test of Bell's inequality.

arXiv:hep-ph/9211203•Nov 2, 1992•0 citations

The verification of quantum non-local correlation in ΛΛ-system

G. R. Liao, R. G. Ping, Cong‐Feng Qiao

Abstract The non-locality of quantum correlations is a fundamental feature of quantum theory. The Bell inequality serves as a benchmark for distinguishing between predictions made by quantum theory and local hidden variable theory (LHVT). Recent advancements in photon-entanglement experiments have addressed potential loopholes and have observed significant violations of variants of Bell inequality. However, these violations do not completely disprove LHVT. To further rule out LHVT, experiments involving massive-entangled particles are necessary, in addition to those conducted with massless photons, which interact electromagnetically. In this study, we utilize (10.087±0.044)×10^{9} J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. We present the first non-local correlation test of spin entanglement using a massive Λ -Λ bipartite system, which is formed and decays through strong and weak interactions, respectively. Through measurements of the angular distribution of p anti-p in J/ψ→ γηc and subsequent ηc→Λ(pπ-)-Λ(-pπ+) cascade decays, a significant violation of LHVT predictions is observed in a loophole-free test of a variant of the Bell inequality, which is given by the Clauser-Horne inequality. The exclusion of LHVT is determined to be significant at a level of 5.2σ.

•May 15, 2024•0 citations

Probabilities and Spin Correlation

Tan Tian-rong

Bell’s inequality can be traced back to a classical probabilistic formula that is invalid clearly, while spin correlation formula in quantum mechanics to a formula that has confirmed both by facts and quantum mechanics. Bell’s two misunderstandings about Bell’s theorem are pointed out: Firstly, the hidden variable theory Bell’s used, which is a special form of such theories, is regarded as a general one. Secondly, there are two theses obtainable from Bell’s hypotheses; one is compatible with quantum mechanics, the other leads to Bell's inequality. Unfortunately, the former is regarded as a property of local hidden variable theory, while the latter as self-evident. G.Lochak has revealed the first thesis, and thereby he pointed out that Bell’s inequality has nothing to do with locality, but he did not find the second one, so that he still analyzed this problem starting from hidden variable theory, which is actually without regard to Bell’s inequality.

•Jan 1, 2005•0 citations
Besides using the laser beam, it is very tempting to directly testify the Bell inequality at high energy experiments where the spin correlation is exactly what the original Bell inequality investigates. In this work, we follow the proposal raised in literature and use the successive decays J/ψ → γη c → Λ → pπ − π + to testify the Bell inequality. Our goal is twofold, namely, we first make a Monte–Carlo simulation of the processes based on the quantum field theory (QFT). Since the underlying theory is QFT, it implies that we pre-admit the validity of quantum picture. Even though the QFT is true, we need to find how big the database should be, so that we can clearly show deviations of the correlation from the Bell inequality determined by the local hidden variable theory. There have been some critiques on the proposed method, so in the second part, we suggest some improvements which may help to remedy the ambiguities indicated by the critiques. It may be realized at an updated facility of high energy physics, such as BES III.
We review in this paper the research status on testing the completeness of Quantum mechanics in High Energy Physics, especially on the Bell Inequalities. We briefly introduce the basic idea of Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen paradox and the results obtained in photon experiments. In the tests of Bell inequalities in high energy physics, the early attempts of using spin correlations in particle decays and later on the mixing of neutral mesons used to form the quasi-spin entangled states are covered. The related experimental results in K^0 and B^0 systems are presented and discussed. We introduce the new scheme, which is based on the non-maximally entangled state and proposed to implement in ϕfactory, in testing the Local Hidden Variable Theory. And, we also discuss the possibility in generalizing it to the tau charm factory.
Justifying a local hidden variable theory requires an explanation of Bell’s in-equality violation. Ever since Bell derived the inequality to test the classical pre-diction on the correlation of two spin-12 particles, many experiments have observed the violation, and thus concluded against the local realism, while validating the non-locality of quantum entanglement. Still, many scientists remain unconvinced of quantum entanglement because the experiments have loopholes that could po-tentially allow a local realistic explanation. Upholding the local realism, this paper introduces how a precession of the spin would produce a cosine-like correlation function, and furthermore how it would also contribute to a fair sampling loophole. Simulating the precession in Monte Carlo method reveals that it can explain the observed Bell’s violation using only classical mechanics. 1
In this talk given at the TAU92 Workshop, Columbus, OH, Sept. 92, we summarize results presented in more detail in a recent paper by S. Abel, M. Dittmar and the author where we gave a general proof that Bell's inequality can not be tested at a collider experiment. In particular, a measurement of correlated tau-spins at LEP does not constitute a test of local realistic theories via Bell's inequality. The central point of the argument is that such tests, where the spins of two particles are inferred from a scattering distribution, can always be described by a local hidden variable theory. In response to questions at the workshop we go beyond the paper and show that an old experiment involving the measurement of the correlated spins of the two photons emitted in positronium decay via Compton-scattering is also not a viable test of Bell's inequality.
Abstract The non-locality of quantum correlations is a fundamental feature of quantum theory. The Bell inequality serves as a benchmark for distinguishing between predictions made by quantum theory and local hidden variable theory (LHVT). Recent advancements in photon-entanglement experiments have addressed potential loopholes and have observed significant violations of variants of Bell inequality. However, these violations do not completely disprove LHVT. To further rule out LHVT, experiments involving massive-entangled particles are necessary, in addition to those conducted with massless photons, which interact electromagnetically. In this study, we utilize (10.087±0.044)×10^{9} J/ψ events collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. We present the first non-local correlation test of spin entanglement using a massive Λ -Λ bipartite system, which is formed and decays through strong and weak interactions, respectively. Through measurements of the angular distribution of p anti-p in J/ψ→ γηc and subsequent ηc→Λ(pπ-)-Λ(-pπ+) cascade decays, a significant violation of LHVT predictions is observed in a loophole-free test of a variant of the Bell inequality, which is given by the Clauser-Horne inequality. The exclusion of LHVT is determined to be significant at a level of 5.2σ.
Bell’s inequality can be traced back to a classical probabilistic formula that is invalid clearly, while spin correlation formula in quantum mechanics to a formula that has confirmed both by facts and quantum mechanics. Bell’s two misunderstandings about Bell’s theorem are pointed out: Firstly, the hidden variable theory Bell’s used, which is a special form of such theories, is regarded as a general one. Secondly, there are two theses obtainable from Bell’s hypotheses; one is compatible with quantum mechanics, the other leads to Bell's inequality. Unfortunately, the former is regarded as a property of local hidden variable theory, while the latter as self-evident. G.Lochak has revealed the first thesis, and thereby he pointed out that Bell’s inequality has nothing to do with locality, but he did not find the second one, so that he still analyzed this problem starting from hidden variable theory, which is actually without regard to Bell’s inequality.