Starting with a concise historical introduction to EIT,CPO and SBS methods,this article gives a comprehensive review to the advances in the research of controllable fast and slow light,with the emphasis on the history,physical principle,and experiments of slow light via coherent population oscillation approach,which is effective in the realization of ultraslow light at the room temperature.The article also discusses the problems and difficulties existing in the application of controllable fast and slow light.
Abstract Understanding the quantum coherence effects is crucial for their promising applications, such as engineering artificial photosynthesis, manipulating chemical reactions, and designing coherence‐based functional devices. Considering that a molecule is the smallest unit that can exist independently and maintain its physical and chemical properties, investigating the quantum coherence effects of molecules is of great significance in understanding their features. In this case, exploring quantum coherence effects in the interaction of light and molecules has been one of the leading topics. This review presents an overview of state‐of‐the‐art spectroscopic techniques and deep insights into molecular quantum coherence effects. It also offers prospects for future advancement. First, the history of development and origins of quantum coherence effects are briefly introduced in molecules. Then, the principle and exciting experimental progress of sophisticated techniques for investigating molecular quantum coherence effects are discussed. Late, molecular quantum coherence effects and their promising applications in various areas have been evaluated. Finally, the challenges and potential solutions are look ahead for studying the effects of quantum coherence on molecules. This review may offer some guidance to boost the understanding and employing the molecular quantum coherence effects.
This review provides a comprehensive introduction to the current state of optimization through quantum computing, as well as its main methods and highlights. It begins with an overview of the history and principles of quantum computing, followed by a concise explanation of classical optimization techniques. References to key mathematical tools essential for understanding quantum optimization are introduced to assist readers new to the field. The review then explores various quantum optimization techniques, categorized by hardware requirements, pipelining strategies, kernel methods, order, continuity, heuristic and metaheuristic approaches. Graphs and charts are included to illustrate the interconnections between these techniques, enhancing understanding of their complementarity. Finally, the review concludes with some considerations about societal, economic and environmental impacts and a detailed table summarizing the different methods and their applications.