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arXiv:0903.1457 · Physical Review A

Electromagnetically induced transparency controlled by a microwave field

Hebin Li, Vladimir A. Sautenkov, Yuri V. Rostovtsev, George R. Welch, Philip Hemmer, Marlan O. Scully

Published Aug 21, 2009• 161 citations
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Abstract

We have experimentally studied the propagation of two optical fields in a dense rubidium (Rb) gas in the case when an additional microwave field is coupled to the hyperfine levels of Rb atoms. The Rb energy levels form a close-$\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ three-level system coupled to the optical fields and the microwave field. It has been found that the maximum transmission of the probe field depends on the relative phase between the optical and the microwave fields. We have observed both constructive and destructive interferences in electromagnetically induced transparency. A simple theoretical model and a numerical simulation have been developed to explain the observed experimental results.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.80.023820

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Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2011•0 citations
We have experimentally studied the propagation of two optical fields in a dense rubidium (Rb) gas in the case when an additional microwave field is coupled to the hyperfine levels of Rb atoms. The Rb energy levels form a close-\ensuremathΛ\ensuremath{\Lambda}\ensuremathΛ three-level system coupled to the optical fields and the microwave field. It has been found that the maximum transmission of the probe field depends on the relative phase between the optical and the microwave fields. We have observed both constructive and destructive interferences in electromagnetically induced transparency. A simple theoretical model and a numerical simulation have been developed to explain the observed experimental results.
We report experimental studies of electromagnetically induced transparency in Λ-type and ladder-type atomic systems realized in 87Rb atoms cooled and confined in a magneto-optical trap. Complete transparency is observed in the Λ-type system with a moderate coupling field. Comparison between the two systems reveals that at the line center of a weak probe transition, destructive interference occurs for the Λ-type system, whereas constructive interference occurs for the ladder-type system. We discuss conditions of complete transparency in the Λ-type system that contains hyperfine magnetic sublevels. Our experimental measurements for the two systems agree with theoretical calculations based on simple three-level Λ-type and ladder-type models.
In this work, Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) has been studied in a microwave driven closed cyclic Lambda atomic system. It is observed that in the absence of microwave field a normal transparency window is obtained, but when a microwave field is also applied between hyperfine levels along with the optical fields an amplification and attenuation in EIT signal is observed depending upon the relative phase between fields driving the atomic system. In fact, a new probe field is generated by microwave and coupling field which interfere constructively or destructively with incident probe field leading to either amplification, attenuation or asymmetricity in probe transmission signal. Also, dependency of phase sensitive amplification on ground state decoherence is also studied. This novel, controllable and amplified EIT signal can be potentially used for the transfer of coherent microwave analog or digital message signal over larger distance using optical fibers where amplification is preliminary requirement.
We present a theoretical study on the spectral linewidth of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a cyclic three-level atomic system coupled by double coupling fields and a microwave field. The absorption profiles are obtained by a weak probe field scanning corresponding transition. It is shown that for definite Rabi frequencies of interacting fields the spectral linewidth of transparency windows depends on the relative phase between two coupling fields. In particular, as the relative phase of the double coupling fields approaches to , the linewidth narrows distinctly. This proposes a way to controlling spectral width of EIT by changing the relative phase between two fields.
We investigate theoretically a scheme for all-optical generation of structured light beams with and without a microwave field in an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium composed of rubidium atoms. In a conventional EIT system, two optical fields (namely, a strong control field and a weak probe field) drive two electric-dipole-allowed transitions of an atom to form a three-level system in a $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Lambda}}$ configuration. At EIT resonance, we found that a Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) control beam induces a radial modulation of probe's absorption profile in such way that a Gaussian probe beam is reshaped into a hollow-Gaussian beam following the position-selective absorption. The transmitted probe beam has a doughnut-shaped intensity structure similar to that LG beam whereas the phase profile is still a spherical wave. Moreover, the presence of a microwave field between two ground states of three-level system leads to a closed-loop system, and probe response is modified with an additional term proportional to the amplitudes of Rabi frequencies of control and microwave fields, and relative phase of three fields. This term acts as driving field which is responsible for the generation of a vortex probe beam having a helical phase profile. We have further shown that the amplitude and helical phase of generated vortex beam can be manipulated by changing the relative phase of applied fields and temperature of the vapor cell. The present study may provide a useful tool for creation of structured light beams with and without orbital angular momentum.
We report an experimental study of atomic coherence and interference in a three-level $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system of cold Rb atoms driven by multicolor coupling and probe fields. The multicolor coupling and probe fields open multiple channels for a two-photon Raman process. Interference between the open channels leads to rich spectral features in the $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$ system and can be controlled by the phase of the probe field. The constructive-interference-induced transparency or the destructive-interference-induced absorption with a subnatural linewidth can be selectively created near the atomic resonance.
We present a method to control the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a four-level system with a coupling field, a weak probe field and two microwave driven fields. By sloving the density matrix equations, the numerious result is obtained. It is shown that the EIT resonance can be split into doublets and the spectral position of EIT window is determined by the relative phase between two microwave fields for fixed intensity of the microwave field. Therefore, the microwave field can be used to open more than one EIT window and by controlling their phase difference we can perform EIT frequency tuning. The structure in the spectrum can be explained using the dressed-state formalism.