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arXiv:0901.3505 · Physical Review A

Scheme for generating coherent-state superpositions with realistic cross-Kerr nonlinearity

Bing He, Mustansar Nadeem, János A. Bergou

Published Mar 24, 2009• 78 citations
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Abstract

We present a simple scheme using two identical cross-phase modulation processes in the decoherence environment to generate superpositions of two coherent states with the opposite phases, which are known as cat states. The scheme is shown to be robust against decoherence due to photon absorption losses and other errors, and the design of its experimental setup is also discussed.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.79.035802

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We present a simple scheme using two identical cross-phase modulation processes in the decoherence environment to generate superpositions of two coherent states with the opposite phases, which are known as cat states. The scheme is shown to be robust against decoherence due to photon absorption losses and other errors, and the design of its experimental setup is also discussed.
We propose methods for generating Bell-type entangled coherent states for quantum information processing. The protocols are completed using linear optical elements, single-photon detectors, and cross-Kerr nonlinearity. We investigate the decoherence effect on our protocols; photon loss is found to affect only the probability, not the fidelity, of the generation process. The entanglement of the generated entangled states is also analyzed using concurrence. Finally, the feasibility of our scheme is discussed using the continuous-time cross-phase modulation model. In the weak nonlinearity region, on the condition that θ2|αp|2∼1, θ≪1, and σ2≪1, our scheme is applicable theoretically.
Abstract Generation of nonclassical states is a necessary requirement for all quantum science and technology protocols. In this regard, Schrödinger cat states, as quantum superpositions of mocroscopically distinguishable coherent states with equal amplitude and opposite phases, have been of great importance in recent years. In this paper, using some appropriate nonlinear optical media, a theoretical scheme is employed to generate various classes of cat-like states with the help of the connection between quantum and nonlinear optics. In fact, we have exploited a single simple method to produce even, odd and also Yurke-Stoler cat-like states by considering different input states such as coherent squeezed, squeezed coherent, photon-added coherent, pair coherent and trio coherent states. To achieve the purpose, we extensively use cross-Kerr interaction and its further generalizations to higher-orders. Projective measurement is the original conception behind the represented approach by which distinct types of nonclassical states are obtained. At last, we pay our attention to the unavoidable effect of field dissipation and show that in most of the above-studied states we may still achieve the cat-like states, however, with attenuated amplitudes.
We propose a scheme to generate a recently introduced type of entangled coherent states using realistic weak cross-Kerr nonlinearities and intense laser beams. An intense laser can be filtered to make a faint one to be used for production of a single photon which is necessary in our scheme. The optical devices used are conventional ones such as interferometer, mirrors, beam-splitters, phase-shifters and photo-detectors. We also provide a detailed analysis on the effects of possible imperfections and decoherence showing that our scheme is robust against such effects.
A two-step interaction scheme involving (2) and (3) nonlinear media is suggested for the generation of Schrödinger cat-like states of a single-mode optical field. In the first step, a weak coherent signal undergoes a self-Kerr phase modulation in a (3) crystal, leading to a Kerr kitten , namely a microscopic superposition of two coherent states with opposite phases. In the second step, such a Kerr kitten enters a (2) crystal and, in turn, plays the role of a quantum seed for stimulated phase-sensitive amplification. The output state in the above-threshold regime consists in a quantum superposition of mesoscopically distinguishable squeezed states, i.e. an optical cat-like state. The whole setup does not rely on conditional measurements, and is robust against decoherence, as only weak signals interact with the Kerr medium.