A proposal for an experiment to look at some possibly novel aspects of quantum interference is presented, along with some Engineering applications that might result.
Wave aspects inherent in quantum physics lead to observable consequences, which are far removed from classical intuition. The possibility of interaction-free measurement is one consequence of quantum wave nature at the single particle level. To date, all experiments, which have studied interaction-free measurements, have dealt with modification of the amplitude of the wave function. In this paper, we discuss interaction-free measurements of a second type, where only the phase of the wave function is modified. We show that an example discussed by Penrose is in this class and clarify the physical reasons for loss of interference in such measurements. We discuss the experimental feasibility of interaction-free measurements of the second type, employing micromaser cavities and atom interferometers. One scheme leads to the possibility of interactionfree measurement of the finesse of the cavity by observing atoms that never interacted with the cavity. The loss of interference, in this case, is due to a random spinor phase and there is no Heisenberg momentum back-action. This is the first experimental proposal for interaction-free measurements of pure phase changes.
The Michelson-Morley experiment is considered via a single photon interferometer and we propose the interpretation of the Michelson-Morley experimental results using de Broglie-Bohm picture. We point out that the Michelson-Morley experiment revealed the interference of photons, however, it did not reveal the photons simultaneous arrival at the beam splitter. According to the de Broglie-Bohm picture, the quantum potential nonlocally determines the interference of photons. The interference of the photons is not governed by the arrival time of the photons; rather, it is governed by the quantum potential. Therefore, there is a possibility for another interpretation of the Michelson-Morley experimental results.
Abstract : This report results from a contract tasking Ludwig-Maximilian University of Munich as follows: In this new grant proposal, we specifically try to address important questions that have emerged out of our previous work and that should provide major advances for the field of quantum state engineering and quantum simulations, as well as quantum information processing. Possible applications also include non-classical matter wave field states that are especially useful for improving the performance of matter wave based atom interferometers. The grant proposal will be focused on research to be carried out on an existing and a completely novel experimental apparatus, focusing on two fundamental topics: (1) Generation of robust multi-particle entanglement in optical lattices, with low decoherence rates as a resource for quantum information processing and improved atom interferometers; and (2) The construction of a novel experimental apparatus with the possibility to address, observe and manipulate single atoms on single sites of an optical lattice. Based on our experience with previous experiments, we find these two topics to be of fundamental importance for future advances in this field.