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arXiv:0811.3435 · Physical Review Letters

Ising Spin-Glass Transition in a Magnetic Field Outside the Limit of Validity of Mean-Field Theory

Luca Leuzzi, Giorgio Parisi A, Federico Ricci‐Tersenghi, Juan Jesus Ruiz-Lorenzo

Published Dec 22, 2009• 79 citations
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Abstract

The spin-glass transition in a magnetic field is studied both in and out of the limit of validity of mean-field theory on a diluted one dimensional chain of Ising spins where exchange bonds occur with a probability decaying as the inverse power of the distance. Varying the power in this long-range model corresponds, in a one-to-one relationship, to changing the dimension in spin-glass short-range models. Evidence for a spin-glass transition in a magnetic field is found also for systems whose equivalent dimension is below the upper critical dimension in a zero magnetic field.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.103.267201

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The spin-glass transition in a magnetic field is studied both in and out of the limit of validity of mean-field theory on a diluted one dimensional chain of Ising spins where exchange bonds occur with a probability decaying as the inverse power of the distance. Varying the power in this long-range model corresponds, in a one-to-one relationship, to changing the dimension in spin-glass short-range models. Evidence for a spin-glass transition in a magnetic field is found also for systems whose equivalent dimension is below the upper critical dimension in a zero magnetic field.
A spin-glass transition occurs both within and outside of the limits of validity of mean-field theory for a diluted one-dimensional chain of Ising spins where exchange bonds occur with a probability decaying as the inverse power of the distance. Varying the power in this long-range model corresponds, in a one-to-one relationship, to changing the dimension in spin-glass short-range models. Using different finite-size scaling methods, evidence for a spin-glass transition is also found for systems whose equivalent dimension is below the upper critical dimension at zero magnetic field. The application of a new method is discussed, which can be exported to systems in a magnetic field.
We introduce a diluted version of the one-dimensional spin-glass model with interactions decaying in probability as an inverse power of the distance. In this model, varying the power corresponds to changing the dimension in short-range models. The spin-glass phase is studied in and out of the range of validity of the mean-field approximation in order to discriminate between different theories. Since each variable interacts only with a finite number of others the cost for simulating, the model is drastically reduced with respect to the fully connected version, and larger sizes can be studied. We find both static and dynamic indications in favor of the so-called replica symmetry breaking theory.
The one-dimensional Ising model in a random field and with power-law decaying ferromagnetic bonds is studied at zero temperature. Comparing the scaling of the energy contributions of the ferromagnetic domain wall flip and of the random field \`a la Imry-Ma, a threshold value for the power $\ensuremath{\rho}$ of the long-range interaction can be determined, beyond which no critical behavior occurs. The critical threshold value is ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{c}=3/2$, at a difference with the zero field model in which ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{c}=2$. This prediction is analyzed by numerical computation of the ground states below, at, and above this threshold value. The analogy between the critical behavior of long-range one-dimensional systems and in short-range DDD-dimensional systems is investigated. At the critical threshold value of $\ensuremath{\rho}$, corresponding to the lower critical dimension, numerical evidence is found for a zero temperature transition at a finite critical field. Possible finite size crossover effects are discussed in this case. Some implications for the critical behavior of spin glasses in a field are conjectured.
We study in Ising spin glasses the finite-size effects near the spin-glass transition in zero field and at the de Almeida-Thouless transition in a field by Monte Carlo methods and by analytical approximations. In zero field, the finite-size scaling function associated with the spin-glass susceptibility of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick mean-field spin-glass model is of the same form as that of one-dimensional spin-glass models with power-law long-range interactions in the regime where they can be a proxy for the Edwards-Anderson short-range spin-glass model above the upper critical dimension. We also calculate a simple analytical approximation for the spin-glass susceptibility crossover function. The behavior of the spin-glass susceptibility near the de Almeida-Thouless transition line has also been studied, but here we have only been able to obtain analytically its behavior in the asymptotic limit above and below the transition. We have also simulated the one-dimensional system in a field in the non-mean-field regime to illustrate that when the Imry-Ma droplet length scale exceeds the system size one can then be erroneously lead to conclude that there is a de Almeida-Thouless transition even though it is absent.
We study a ppp-spin spin-glass model to understand if the finite-temperature glass transition found in the mean-field regime of ppp-spin models, and used to model the behavior of structural glasses, persists in the nonmean-field regime. By using a three-spin spin-glass model with long-range power-law diluted interactions we are able to continuously tune the (effective) space dimension via the exponent of the interactions. Monte Carlo simulations of the spin-glass susceptibility and the two-point finite-size correlation length show that deep in the nonmean-field regime, the finite-temperature transition is lost whereas this is not the case in the mean-field regime, in agreement with the prediction of Moore and Drossel [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 217202 (2002)] that three-spin models are in the same universality class as an Ising spin glass in a magnetic field. However, slightly in the nonmean-field region, we find an apparent transition in the three-spin model, in contrast to results for the Ising spin glass in a field. This may indicate that even larger sizes are needed to probe the asymptotic behavior in this region.