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arXiv:0804.3794

Abruption decay of entanglement and quantum communication through noise channels

NASSER METWALLY

Published Apr 23, 2008• 0 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the dynamics of two qubits state through the Bloch channel. It is found that the degradation and sudden-death of the entanglement depend on the channel's parameters and the structure of the input state. Starting from partially entangled states as input state, the output states are more robust compared with those obtained from initial maximally entangled states. Also the survivability of entanglement increased as the absolute equilibrium values of the channel increased or the ratio between the longitudinal and transverse relaxation times gets smaller. Ability of using the output states as quantum channels to perform quantum teleportation is investigated. The idea that the useful output states are used to achieve the original quantum teleportation protocol is discussed.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.0804.3794

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The entanglement behavior for different classes of two-qubit systems passing through a generalized amplitude damping channel is discussed. The phenomena of sudden single and double changes and the sudden death of entanglement are reported for identical and nonidentical noise. It is shown that, for less entangled states, these phenomena appear for small values of channel strength. The effect of the channel can be frozen for these classes as one increases the channel strength. Maximum entangled states are more fragile than partial entangled states, where the entanglement decays very fast. However, one cannot freeze the effect of the noise channel for systems initially prepared in maximum entangled states. The decay rate of entanglement for systems affected by nonidentical noise is much larger than that affected by identical noise.
Quantum noises generated by non-commuting Pauli operators may also cause entanglement sudden death (ESD). In this work, stimulated by this observation, we show how a Pauli- X or - Y gate could also destroy entanglement in a finite time when they are executed in the presence of dephasing noise. Motivated by the fact that they are basic to quantum information processing, we analyze the impact of noisy operations and non-commuting noises on single- and two-qubit teleportation —archetype of quantum communication. By considering the decoherence dynamics during establishment of the channel states and noisy recovery operations, we show that there is a finite lifetime for a standard teleportation to be completed before it loses the quantum advantage over purely classical communication.
Dynamics of coded information over Bloch channels is investigated for different values of the channel's parameters. We show that, the suppressing of the travelling coded information over Bloch channel can be increased by decreasing the equilibrium absolute value of information carrier and consequently decreasing the distilled information by eavesdropper. The amount of decoded information can be improved by increasing the equilibrium values of the two qubits and decreasing the ratio between longitudinal and transverse relaxation times. The robustness of coded information in maximum and partial entangled states is discussed. It is shown that the maximum entangled states are more robust than the partial entangled state over this type of channels.
This study compares the effects of Markovian and non-Markovian noise channels on a standard Bell state-based quantum teleportation protocol. Amplitude damping, phase damping, depolarising, and time-dependent (non-Markovian) channels were analysed within the same simulation framework, and teleportation fidelity was calculated as a function of noise intensity. Critical noise parameters were determined with reference to the classical threshold value (F=2/3), entanglement dynamics were evaluated using concurrence, and entanglement sudden death (ESD) points were identified. Non-Markovian behaviour was quantitatively analysed using the Breuer–Laine–Piilo (BLP) metric. The results show that different noise mechanisms significantly affect teleportation performance, and that entanglement conservation and operational teleportation advantages do not always coincide. Numerical results were validated by analytical comparison