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arXiv:0804.0354 · Physical Review A

Temporally multiplexed superposition states of continuous variables

Masahide Sasaki, Masahiro Takeoka, Hiroki Takahashi

Published Jun 30, 2008• 25 citations
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Abstract

We study non-Gaussian states generated by two-photon subtraction from a continuous-wave (cw) squeezed light source. In a cw scheme, one can subtract two photons from the source with a designated time separation and can generate temporally multiplexed superposition states of continuous variables. We numerically study the properties of these states in light of bosonic interference in the time domain. In an appropriate temporal mode, an amplified superposition state of continuous variable is produced in a region where the time separation is comparable with the coherence time of squeezed packets.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.77.063840

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We study non-Gaussian states generated by two-photon subtraction from a continuous-wave (cw) squeezed light source. In a cw scheme, one can subtract two photons from the source with a designated time separation and can generate temporally multiplexed superposition states of continuous variables. We numerically study the properties of these states in light of bosonic interference in the time domain. In an appropriate temporal mode, an amplified superposition state of continuous variable is produced in a region where the time separation is comparable with the coherence time of squeezed packets.
We study various non-Gaussian states generated by photon subtrastion from a squeezed light source. The source is a cw beam generated by optical parametric oscillator. The photon subtraction is made by tapping a small fraction of the squeezed light source and by guiding it into two Si-APDs, which enable the subtraction of one to two photons. Trigger photon clicks specify a certain temporally localized mode in the remaining squeezed beam. By filtering the remaining squeezed beam through an appropriate mode function, one can generate a variety of non-Gaussian states. This includes single and two photon states, the NOON state (N = 2), Schrödinger kitten states of both odd and even parities, and their arbitrarily desired superposition.
A theoretical analysis is given for a two-photon subtraction from a continuous-wave squeezed vacuum with finite time separation between two detection events. In the cw photon subtraction process, generated states are inevitably described by temporal multimode states. Our approach is based on analytical formulas that are mathematically simple and provide an intuitive understanding of the multimode structure of the system. We show that, in our process, the photon-subtracted squeezed vacuum is generated in two temporal modes and one of these modes acts as an ancillary mode to make the other one a large-amplitude coherent-state superposition.
We present a general analysis of the state obtained by subjecting a continuous-wave (cw) Gaussian field to non-Gaussian measurements. The generic multimode state of a cw Gaussian field is fully characterized by the time dependent mean values and variances and the two-time covariances of the field quadrature variables. We present a general theory to extract from this information the results of detection and quantum state reduction within specific temporal output modes. The formalism is applied to schemes for heralded production of propagating light pulses with single photon and Schroedinger kitten states from a cw squeezed beam of light.
We present a general analysis of the state obtained by subjecting a continuous-wave (cw) Gaussian field to non-Gaussian measurements. The generic multimode state of a cw Gaussian field is fully characterized by the time dependent mean values and variances and the two-time covariances of the field quadrature variables. We present a general theory to extract from this information the results of detection and quantum state reduction within specific temporal output modes. The formalism is applied to schemes for heralded production of propagating light pulses with single photon and Schr\"odinger kitten states from a cw squeezed beam of light.
We investigate the practical scheme of engineering a qubit of two optical continuous-variable states, based on squeezed vacuum and coherently displaced photon subtraction. A fully multimode model is developed to describe a continuous wave (cw) setting of the experiment, which has been successfully implemented to generate highly pure non-classical states. The model agrees well with the experimental results and the numerical results show that the intrinsic imperfection due to the cw nature of the source is relatively small. Our photon subtraction technique could also be useful for preparing optical Schrödinger's cat-like states in arbitrary superposition, which is a basic qubit resource for linear optics coherent state quantum computing.