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arXiv:0801.2167

Electron scattering by a solenoid

Igor Viktorovich Tyutin

Published Jan 14, 2008• 8 citations

Abstract

The quantum-mechanical problems of electron scattering by an infinitely thin solenoid and by a half of an infinitely thin solenoid are examined from the viewpoint of constructing a self-adjoint Hamiltonian. It is demonstrated that in both problems there exist unique self-adjoint operators with a ``non-singular'' domain, that, due to physical reasons, are identified with the corresponding Hamiltonians. In the case of quantized values of magnetic flow along the solenoid, the electron does not experience any scattering by the string. It is shown that the scattering amplitude and wave function of an electron in the problem of scattering by an infinitely long solenoid of radius a in the limit a->0 turn into the corresponding expressions for the problem of an infinitely thin solenoid. In particular, at a quantized value of magnetic flow along the solenoid, scattering disappears at a->0.

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.0801.2167

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The quantum-mechanical problems of electron scattering by an infinitely thin solenoid and by a half of an infinitely thin solenoid are examined from the viewpoint of constructing a self-adjoint Hamiltonian. It is demonstrated that in both problems there exist unique self-adjoint operators with a ``non-singular'' domain, that, due to physical reasons, are identified with the corresponding Hamiltonians. In the case of quantized values of magnetic flow along the solenoid, the electron does not experience any scattering by the string. It is shown that the scattering amplitude and wave function of an electron in the problem of scattering by an infinitely long solenoid of radius a in the limit a->0 turn into the corresponding expressions for the problem of an infinitely thin solenoid. In particular, at a quantized value of magnetic flow along the solenoid, scattering disappears at a->0.

We consider the Hamiltonian operator associated with planar sections of infinitely long cylindrical solenoids and with a homogeneous magnetic field in their interior.First, in the Sobolev space H 2 , we characterize all generalized boundary conditions on the solenoid border compatible with quantum mechanics, i.e. the boundary conditions, so that the corresponding Hamiltonian operators are self-adjoint.Then we study and compare the scattering of the most usual boundary conditions, that is, Dirichlet, Neumann and Robin.

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The Aharonov-Bohm effect is reconsidered as a scattering event of an electron by a magnetic field confined in an infinite solenoid of finite radius both in the situation where the solenoid is penetrable as well as impenetrable. We next discuss the validity of the Born approximation for the partial-wave scattering amplitudes and explain why for the cylindrically symmetric

(m=0)

partial wave the first Born approximation fails in the long-wavelength limit or as the radius of the solenoid shrinks to zero.

We briefly review the scattering theory for the Schrödinger operator related to the Aharonov-Bohm effect, by exhibiting some explicitly solvable models; an infinitesimally thin solenoid in mathbb{R}^{2}, two infinitesimally thin solenoids with the quantized magnetic fluxes in mathbb{R}^{2}, and an infinitesimally thin ring solenoid with the quantized magnetic flux in mathbb{R}^{3}. We give explicit formulas for the incoming wave solution and the scattering amplitude for these models in terms of some special functions, with the graphs obtained by a numerical method. We also review known high-energy asymptotic formulas related to these examples.