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arXiv:0711.4434 · Physical Review A

Stability and free expansion of a dipolar Fermi gas

Liang He, Jun-Song Zhang, Yunbo Zhang, S. Yi

Published Mar 26, 2008• 23 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the stability and the free expansion of a trapped dipolar Fermi gas. We show that stabilizing the system relying on tuning the trap geometry is generally inefficient. We further show that the expanded density profile always gets stretched along the attractive direction of dipolar interaction. We also point out that by switching off the dipolar interaction simultaneously with the trapping potential, the deformation of momentum distribution can be directly observed.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.77.031605

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We investigate the stability and the free expansion of a trapped dipolar Fermi gas. We show that stabilizing the system relying on tuning the trap geometry is generally inefficient. We further show that the expanded density profile always gets stretched along the attractive direction of dipolar interaction. We also point out that by switching off the dipolar interaction simultaneously with the trapping potential, the deformation of momentum distribution can be directly observed.
Under the framework of the semiclassical theory, we investigate the equilibrium-state properties of a spin polarized dipolar Fermi gas through full numerical calculation. We show that the Fermi surfaces in both real and momentum spaces are stretched along the attractive direction of dipolar interaction. We further verify that the deformed Fermi surfaces can be well approximated by ellipsoids. In addition, the deformation parameters slightly depend on the local real- and momentum-space densities. We also study the interaction strength dependence of the energy and real- and momentum-space densities. By comparing them with variational results, we find that the ellipsoidal ansatz usually generates accurate results for weak dipolar interaction, while under strong dipolar interaction limit, notable discrepancy can be observed. Finally, we map out the stability boundary of the system.
We investigate the dynamical properties of a trapped finite-temperature normal Fermi gas with dipole-dipole interaction. For the free-expansion dynamics, we show that the expanded gas always becomes stretched along the direction of the dipole moment. In addition, we present the temperature and interaction dependences of the asymptotic aspect ratio. We further study the collapse dynamics of the system by suddenly increasing the dipolar interaction strength. We show that, in contrast to the anisotropic collapse of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate, a dipolar Fermi gas always collapses isotropically when the system becomes globally unstable. We also explore the interaction and temperature dependences for the frequencies of the low-lying collective excitations.
In this paper, we investigate the dynamical properties of a one-component Fermi gas with dipole–dipole interaction between particles. Using a variational function based on the Thomas–Fermi density distribution in phase space representation, the total energy is described as a function of deformation parameters in both real and momentum spaces. Various thermodynamic quantities of a uniform dipolar Fermi gas are derived, and then instability of this system is discussed. For a trapped dipolar Fermi gas, the collective oscillation frequencies are derived with the energy-weighted sum rule method. The frequencies for the monopole, quadrupole, radial and axial modes are calculated, and softening against collapse is shown as the dipolar strength approaches the critical value. Finally, we investigate the expansion dynamics of the Fermi gas and show how the dipolar interaction manifests itself in the shape of an expanded cloud.
We theoretically investigate a polarized dipolar Fermi gas in free expansion. The inter-particle dipolar interaction deforms phase-space distribution in trap and also in the expansion. We exactly predict the minimal quadrupole deformation in the expansion for the high-temperature Maxwell-Boltzmann and zero-temperature Thomas-Fermi gases in the Hartree-Fock and Landau-Vlasov approaches. In conclusion, we provide a proper approach to develop the time-of-flight method for the weakly-interacting dipolar Fermi gas and also reveal a scaling law associated with the Liouville's theorem in the long-time behaviors of the both gases.
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We presented our theoretical study on quantum dynamics of a polarized dipolar Fermi gas in free expansion. The dipole-dipolar interparticle interaction induces axisymmetrical deformation of the expanding gas not only in the spatial space but also in the momentum space, so that, in order to obtain proper results in the time-of-flight method for the dipolar Fermi gas, it is necessary to deal with time-evolution of the deformation. To solve the free expansion problem, we develop the Hartree-Fock and Landau-Vlasov approaches and a new time-evolution ansatz for the quantum dynamics. In conclusion, we obtain exact predictions for the minimal quadrupole deformation of the high-temperature Maxwell-Boltzmann and zero-temperature Thomas-Fermi gases in the week-interaction and small-deformation regime, and also reveal a scaling law associated with the Liouville’s theorem in the long-time behaviors of the MB and TF gases.