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arXiv:0710.3205 · Journal of Physics A Mathematical and Theoretical

SU(1,1) symmetry of multimode squeezed states

Zahra Shaterzadeh‐Yazdi, P S Turner, Barry C. Sanders

Published Jan 23, 2008• 22 citations
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Abstract

We show that a class of multimode optical transformations that employ linear optics plus two-mode squeezing can be expressed as SU(1,1) operators. These operations are relevant to state-of-the-art continuous variable quantum information experiments including quantum state sharing, quantum teleportation and multipartite entangled states. Using this SU(1,1) description of these transformations, we obtain a new basis for such transformations that lies in a useful representation of this group and lies outside the often-used restriction to Gaussian states. We analyze this basis, show its application to a class of transformations and discuss its extension to more general quantum optical networks.

DOI
10.1088/1751-8113/41/5/055309

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We show that a class of multimode optical transformations that employ linear optics plus two-mode squeezing can be expressed as SU(1,1) operators. These operations are relevant to state-of-the-art continuous variable quantum information experiments including quantum state sharing, quantum teleportation and multipartite entangled states. Using this SU(1,1) description of these transformations, we obtain a new basis for such transformations that lies in a useful representation of this group and lies outside the often-used restriction to Gaussian states. We analyze this basis, show its application to a class of transformations and discuss its extension to more general quantum optical networks.
Three-mode (tripartite) squeezed light is important for continuous variable quantum information tasks such as quantum teleportation, state sharing, and generating tripartite continuous variable entangled states, and furthermore is the first nontrivial step towards multipartite squeezed states. In such cases just one two-mode squeezer is used, and the squeezed light is distributed across multiple channels by passive optical elements. Here we show that these three-mode squeezed states are produced by optical networks that can be described as SU(1, 1) transformations, which enables relatively straightforward and elegant calculations of any output state from such squeezing networks for any input state.
We have constructed the multimode bosonic realization of the su(1,1) Lie algebra, on the basis of which the su(1,1) generalized coherent state in the multimode Fock space is derived. It is shown that the multimode coherent state is, in fact, the generalized multimode squeezed vacuum state discussed by Lo and Sollie [Phys. Rev. A 47, 733 (1993)], and that the unitary displacement operator can be identified as the generalized multimode squeezing operator. Hence, similar to the single- and two-mode cases, our multimode bosonic realization of the su(1,1) Lie algebra has immediate relevance to the squeezing properties of boson fields.
In a previous paper Zhan et al. (2022) proposed the coherent state representation for linear operator, which shows a beautiful theoretical value. Inspired by the work, we further extend it to the nonlinear case, including single- and two-mode squeezing process. Based on squeezing operators’ transformation relation, we introduce their coherent state representations and derive their normal ordering forms by using the technique of integration within product of operator. As applications, we examine some operators’s normal ordering forms and show the entanglement property of prepared quantum states via the Schmidt decomposition. In particular, we further consider two cascaded two-mode squeezing operators, in which a generalized SU(1,1) interferometer is involved. In addition, the application of two-mode squeezing operator followed by photon-subtraction to generate non-Gaussian entangled states in quantum teleportation is discussed. Our results will be useful in preparation of quantum states and quantum metrology.
We construct a kind of new multipartite entangled states of continuum variables, which are related to unitary group U ( n ). Using the technique of integral within an ordered product of operators we prove that such states make up a complete representation in multimode Fock space. The new state can be generated by an optical network whose operation on an incoming photon distributes the photon among the outputs according to the unitary group transform. The potential use of the new state in quantum teleportation is briefly discussed.
We investigate the systematic use of the Schwinger representation, by virtue of which two boson fields are equivalent to an effective spin, for casting multimode squeezed states into multipartite spin entangled states. The motivation for this endeavor is the following established fact: finitely squeezed, two-mode entangled states can be recast into maximally entangled bipartite spin states, irrespective of their level of squeezing (in the lossless case). This work explores the generalization of this interesting property to multipartite entanglement. While we found that the generalization of multipartite Gaussian entanglement to multipartite spin entanglement is not straightforward, there are nonetheless interesting features and entangled states to be found. Here we study a few continuous-variable entangled states already realized experimentally, and show that some of them correspond to multipartite spin entangled states.