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arXiv:0710.3092 · Physical Review A

Cavity QED with cold atoms trapped in a double-well potential

J. M. Zhang, W. M. Liu, Dong Zhou

Published Mar 19, 2008• 55 citations
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Abstract

We investigate the interplay dynamics of a cavity QED system, where the two-level atoms are trapped in a double-well potential, and the cavity mode, with a frequency largely detuned from the atomic level splitting, is driven by a probe laser. The interaction between the center-of-mass motion of the atoms and the cavity mode is induced by the position-dependent atom-field coupling. The dynamics of the system is characterized by two distinct time scales, the inverse of the atomic interwell tunneling rate and the inverse of the cavity loss rate. The system shows drastically different (quasi)steady behaviors in the short- and long-time intervals, and the detection of the statistics of atom number distribution from the transmission spectra is available only in the short-time interval.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.77.033620

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We investigate the interplay dynamics of a cavity QED system, where the two-level atoms are trapped in a double-well potential, and the cavity mode, with a frequency largely detuned from the atomic level splitting, is driven by a probe laser. The interaction between the center-of-mass motion of the atoms and the cavity mode is induced by the position-dependent atom-field coupling. The dynamics of the system is characterized by two distinct time scales, the inverse of the atomic interwell tunneling rate and the inverse of the cavity loss rate. The system shows drastically different (quasi)steady behaviors in the short- and long-time intervals, and the detection of the statistics of atom number distribution from the transmission spectra is available only in the short-time interval.
In this work, we will look at the dynamics of a two-level atom in a damped, driven optical cavity in which atomic center-of-mass motion (CMM) is quantized.Of particular interest is the addition of an external potential (not related to the cavity field) in the cavity that effects the atom.Specifically, we are introducing to the system Hamiltonian a harmonic potential that effectively represents the presence of an optical lattice within the cavity.Thus, we are interested in the interplay of cold atoms and cavity QED.The form of our investigation of the system's dynamics will be in the study of the photon statistics and field-intensity correlation of the transmitted and fluoresced fields.
We study the interplay between the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a double-well potential and that of an optical cavity mode. The cavity field is superimposed to the double-well potential and affects the atomic tunneling processes. The cavity field is driven by a laser red detuned from the bare cavity resonance; the dynamically changing spatial distribution of the atoms can shift the cavity in and out of resonance. At resonance the photon number is hugely enhanced and the atomic tunneling becomes amplified. The Josephson-junction equations are revisited and the phase diagram is calculated. We find solutions with finite imbalance and at the same time find a lack of self-trapping solutions due to the emergence of a new separatrix resulting from enhanced tunneling.
We study the classically driven two-level system with its center-of-mass motion vibrating in a harmonic trap and coupled to the photons in a two-mode cavity. The first mode is resonant to the driving field and an electronic transition. The second mode is off-resonant, forming a vibrational-assisted Raman transition. Using an exact numerical method, we investigate the quantum dynamics of the light emitted by the atom and the cavity modes. We analyze and compare the corresponding atomic and intracavity photon spectra for a range of the driving laser field and the cavity coupling strengths. The results provide better understanding of the effects of the laser field and atom-cavity coupling strengths on quantum interference effects and photon blockade, particularly the Mollow's triplet and the Autler-Townes splitting in the good and bad cavity limits.
A cavity QED system is analysed which duplicates the dynamics of a two-level atom in free space interacting exclusively with broadband squeezed light. We consider atoms in a three-or four-level Λ configuration coupled to a high-finesse optical cavity which is driven by a squeezed light field. Raman transitions are induced between a pair of stable atomic ground states via the squeezed cavity mode and coherent driving fields. An analysis of the reduced master equation for the atomic ground states shows that a three-level atomic system has insufficient parameter flexibility to act as an effective two-level atom interacting exclusively with a squeezed reservoir. However, the inclusion of a fourth atomic level, coupled dispersively to one of the two ground states by an auxiliary laser field, introduces an extra degree of freedom and enables the desired interaction to be realized. As a means of detecting the reduced quadrature decay rate of the effective two-level system, we examine the transmission spectrum of a weak coherent probe field incident upon the cavity. The extension to multiple atoms is also considered and we show that such a cavity QED system may also duplicate the dynamics of an ensemble of two-level atoms collectively coupled to broadband squeezed light.
We investigate the coupled dynamics of N two-level atoms in the field of a weakly pumped multimode high-Q cavity. While the field mode amplitudes are coupled by the atoms depending on their positions, the motion of the atoms is influenced by the radiation pressure and dipole force induced by the total intracavity field. In the strong coupling regime, where the atom field coupling g dominates the atomic and cavity decay rates (\ensuremath{\Gamma}, \ensuremath{\kappa}) strong correlations between the atoms themselves and between the atoms and the light field build up. For suitable operating conditions an efficient motional cooling of the atoms occurs. At the example of two atoms coupled to two counterpropagating modes in a ring cavity, we show that this can lead to a strong binding force between atoms trapped at a large distance at different antinodes of the cavity field.
We propose a cavity quantum electrodynamic system consisting of a five-level atom coupled to a single mode of the cavity electromagnetic field. The study is focused on the regime of strong coupling between the cavity and atom. Pump laser fields and cavity fields connect the split energy levels of the atom. Instead of the well-known two-level Dicke model obtained by adiabatic elimination of the high-energy levels, we consider the pump lasers' detunings to the atomic transitions to be very small such that we can examine the influence of the higher-energy states. We have studied the effect of an external coherent drive and incoherent pumping on these higher-energy levels and observed the enhancement of intracavity photon numbers due to quantum coherence effects. The amplification of intracavity photons is achieved even without a population inversion. However, the effect of the coherent and incoherent drive is negligible for very large detunings when the higher-energy states are adiabatically eliminated. At zero and small detunings, the system reaches the steady state at an earlier instant of time for higher incoherent pumping. We find an almost agreeable steady-state behavior of the system's exact full quantum dynamics model and its semiclassical approximation. Our model tries to accurately simulate the open system by considering the cavity decay, spontaneous decay, and dephasing of the system.