Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:0707.4523 · Classical and Quantum Gravity

Quantum entanglement and teleportation in higher dimensional black hole spacetimes

Xian-Hui Ge, Sang Pyo Kim

Published Mar 18, 2008• 37 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We study the properties of quantum entanglement and teleportation in the background of stationary and rotating curved spacetimes with extra dimensions. We show that a maximally entangled Bell state in an inertial frame becomes less entangled in curved space due to the well-known Hawking–Unruh effect. The degree of entanglement is found to be degraded with the increase in the extra dimensions. For a finite black hole surface gravity, the observer may choose a higher frequency mode to keep high level entanglement. The fidelity of quantum teleportation is also reduced because of the Hawking–Unruh effect. We discuss the fidelity as a function of extra dimensions, mode frequency, black hole mass and black hole angular momentum parameter for both bosonic and fermionic resources.

DOI
10.1088/0264-9381/25/7/075011

Related papers

Quantum Teleportation via Entangled State of Light in Schwarzschild Black Hole

Sevda Mirzaei, Amin Rezaei Akbarieh

Abstract In this paper, we describe the properties of quantum entanglement and teleportation between Alice and Bob who is freely falling toward the Schwarzschild black hole. To this aim, in the flat Minkowski spacetime before a black hole is formed, Alice and Bob share a two-mode entangled coherent state (ECS) generated by Kerr medium and the beam splitter. We will show that the degree of entanglement decreases with increasing the radius of black hole r. Moreover, the fidelity of quantum teleportation via ECS, as a quantum channel, is also reduced because of the Hawking-Unruh effect.

International Journal of Theoretical Physics•Oct 23, 2020•3 citations

Quantum teleportation and Kerr–Newman spacetime

Xian-Hui Ge, You-Gen Shen

We consider the teleportation in the background of Kerr–Newman spacetime. Because of the Hawking effect, the fidelity of the teleportation is reduced. The results also show the fidelity is closely related to the mass, charge and rotating velocity of the black hole: high fidelity can be reached for massive, slowly rotating Kerr–Newman black holes.

Chinese Physics•Jul 29, 2005•7 citations

Do maximally entangled states always have an advantage over non-maximally entangled states in Schwarzschild black hole?

Shu-Min Wu, Si-Han Li

Abstract It is generally believed that quantum entanglement in the maximally entangled states is greater than quantum entanglement in the non-maximally entangled states under a relativistic setting. In this paper, we study quantum entanglement for four different types of Bell-like states of the fermionic modes near the event horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole. It is interesting to find that quantum entanglement in the maximally entangled states is less than quantum entanglement in the non-maximally entangled states in Schwarzschild spacetime. From the perspective of quantum resources, the non-maximally entangled states may have more advantages in curved spacetime compared to the maximally entangled states. This is obviously different from the conclusions in previous paper. For two types of Bell-like states, quantum entanglement suffers sudden death under the Hawking effect of the black hole, and for the other two types of Bell-like states, quantum entanglement can exist forever regardless of the Hawking temperature. Therefore, we should choose appropriate types of Bell-like states to handle relativistic quantum information tasks.

arXiv:2410.12260•The European Physical Journal C•Jun 4, 2025•1 citation

Does the Hawking effect have the same impact on quantum entanglement and coherence in curved spacetime?

Yu-Xuan Wang, Shu-Min Wu, Zhihong Liu

Abstract We investigate how the Hawking effect reshapes distinct quantum resources of Dirac fields in Schwarzschild spacetime beyond the single-mode approximation. By quantifying quantum entanglement and coherence using the negativity, the l 1 -norm of coherence and the relative entropy of coherence, we observe a significant asymmetry in their response to gravitational effects. While the Hawking effect monotonically degrades entanglement and drives it toward a finite residual value, quantum coherence is instead monotonically amplified with increasing Hawking temperature, revealing the black hole as an effective decohering environment for nonlocal correlations but a coherence-enhancing mechanism for local superposition. Notably, we further find that under the influence of the Hawking effect, the maximally entangled state does not necessarily correspond to the largest initial negativity. In fact, its value may even be smaller than that of certain non-maximally entangled states. Our results demonstrate that gravity acts in a highly nonuniform manner on different facets of quantumness and highlight the necessity of resource-adapted state engineering for relativistic quantum information processing near the event horizon of the black hole.

Communications in Theoretical Physics•Jun 17, 2026•0 citations

Nonlocal correlations of fermionic entanglement in the spacetime of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black hole

Yifei Xu, Yanjun Chen, Qi Xiao +1 more

The investigation of nonclassical correlations in curved spacetimes offers key insights into the intersection of quantum information theory and gravitational physics. This paper studies two nonlocal correlation measures, non local advantage of quantum coherence (NAQC) and Bell nonlocality (BN) in a $d$-dimensional spherically symmetric Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) black hole spacetime. We consider two observers (Alice and Rob) initially sharing a maximally entangled Bell state: Alice freely falls into the black hole (inertial Kruskal frame), while Rob accelerates outside the horizon (non-inertial Schwarzschild-like frame). The Unruh-Hawking effect modifies Rob's field modes, requiring Bogoliubov transformations to relate the two frames. We derive the mixed bipartite density matrix for fermionic fields and analytical expressions for NAQC and BN, which depend on Hawking temperature (itself governed by $α$, $d$, and $r_h$). Our results show both correlations degrade monotonically with increasing Hawking temperature, confirm the NAQC-BN hierarchical relationship persists in EGB spacetime, and highlighting the impact of high curvature corrections on quantum resources.

arXiv:2607.02039•Jul 2, 2026•0 citations

Nonlocal correlations of fermionic entanglement in the spacetime of Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet black hole

Yifei Xu, Yanjun Chen, Qi Xiao +1 more

Abstract The investigation of nonclassical correlations in curved spacetimes offers key insights into the intersection of quantum information theory and gravitational physics. This paper studies two nonlocal correlation measures, non local advantage of quantum coherence (NAQC) and Bell nonlocality (BN) in a d -dimensional spherically symmetric Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) black hole spacetime. We consider two observers (Alice and Rob) initially sharing a maximally entangled Bell state: Alice freely falls into the black hole (inertial Kruskal frame), while Rob accelerates outside the horizon (non-inertial Schwarzschild-like frame). The Unruh–Hawking effect modifies Rob’s field modes, requiring Bogoliubov transformations to relate the two frames. We derive the mixed bipartite density matrix for fermionic fields and analytical expressions for NAQC and BN, which depend on Hawking temperature (itself governed by $$\alpha $$ α , d , and $$r_h$$ r h ). Our results show both correlations degrade monotonically with increasing Hawking temperature, confirm the NAQC-BN hierarchical relationship persists in EGB spacetime, and highlight higher-curvature corrections’ impact on quantum resources.

The European Physical Journal C•Aug 1, 2026•0 citations
We study the properties of quantum entanglement and teleportation in the background of stationary and rotating curved spacetimes with extra dimensions. We show that a maximally entangled Bell state in an inertial frame becomes less entangled in curved space due to the well-known Hawking–Unruh effect. The degree of entanglement is found to be degraded with the increase in the extra dimensions. For a finite black hole surface gravity, the observer may choose a higher frequency mode to keep high level entanglement. The fidelity of quantum teleportation is also reduced because of the Hawking–Unruh effect. We discuss the fidelity as a function of extra dimensions, mode frequency, black hole mass and black hole angular momentum parameter for both bosonic and fermionic resources.
Abstract In this paper, we describe the properties of quantum entanglement and teleportation between Alice and Bob who is freely falling toward the Schwarzschild black hole. To this aim, in the flat Minkowski spacetime before a black hole is formed, Alice and Bob share a two-mode entangled coherent state (ECS) generated by Kerr medium and the beam splitter. We will show that the degree of entanglement decreases with increasing the radius of black hole r. Moreover, the fidelity of quantum teleportation via ECS, as a quantum channel, is also reduced because of the Hawking-Unruh effect.
Abstract It is generally believed that quantum entanglement in the maximally entangled states is greater than quantum entanglement in the non-maximally entangled states under a relativistic setting. In this paper, we study quantum entanglement for four different types of Bell-like states of the fermionic modes near the event horizon of a Schwarzschild black hole. It is interesting to find that quantum entanglement in the maximally entangled states is less than quantum entanglement in the non-maximally entangled states in Schwarzschild spacetime. From the perspective of quantum resources, the non-maximally entangled states may have more advantages in curved spacetime compared to the maximally entangled states. This is obviously different from the conclusions in previous paper. For two types of Bell-like states, quantum entanglement suffers sudden death under the Hawking effect of the black hole, and for the other two types of Bell-like states, quantum entanglement can exist forever regardless of the Hawking temperature. Therefore, we should choose appropriate types of Bell-like states to handle relativistic quantum information tasks.
Abstract We investigate how the Hawking effect reshapes distinct quantum resources of Dirac fields in Schwarzschild spacetime beyond the single-mode approximation. By quantifying quantum entanglement and coherence using the negativity, the l 1 -norm of coherence and the relative entropy of coherence, we observe a significant asymmetry in their response to gravitational effects. While the Hawking effect monotonically degrades entanglement and drives it toward a finite residual value, quantum coherence is instead monotonically amplified with increasing Hawking temperature, revealing the black hole as an effective decohering environment for nonlocal correlations but a coherence-enhancing mechanism for local superposition. Notably, we further find that under the influence of the Hawking effect, the maximally entangled state does not necessarily correspond to the largest initial negativity. In fact, its value may even be smaller than that of certain non-maximally entangled states. Our results demonstrate that gravity acts in a highly nonuniform manner on different facets of quantumness and highlight the necessity of resource-adapted state engineering for relativistic quantum information processing near the event horizon of the black hole.
The investigation of nonclassical correlations in curved spacetimes offers key insights into the intersection of quantum information theory and gravitational physics. This paper studies two nonlocal correlation measures, non local advantage of quantum coherence (NAQC) and Bell nonlocality (BN) in a ddd-dimensional spherically symmetric Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) black hole spacetime. We consider two observers (Alice and Rob) initially sharing a maximally entangled Bell state: Alice freely falls into the black hole (inertial Kruskal frame), while Rob accelerates outside the horizon (non-inertial Schwarzschild-like frame). The Unruh-Hawking effect modifies Rob's field modes, requiring Bogoliubov transformations to relate the two frames. We derive the mixed bipartite density matrix for fermionic fields and analytical expressions for NAQC and BN, which depend on Hawking temperature (itself governed by ααα, ddd, and rhr_hrh​). Our results show both correlations degrade monotonically with increasing Hawking temperature, confirm the NAQC-BN hierarchical relationship persists in EGB spacetime, and highlighting the impact of high curvature corrections on quantum resources.
Abstract The investigation of nonclassical correlations in curved spacetimes offers key insights into the intersection of quantum information theory and gravitational physics. This paper studies two nonlocal correlation measures, non local advantage of quantum coherence (NAQC) and Bell nonlocality (BN) in a d -dimensional spherically symmetric Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet (EGB) black hole spacetime. We consider two observers (Alice and Rob) initially sharing a maximally entangled Bell state: Alice freely falls into the black hole (inertial Kruskal frame), while Rob accelerates outside the horizon (non-inertial Schwarzschild-like frame). The Unruh–Hawking effect modifies Rob’s field modes, requiring Bogoliubov transformations to relate the two frames. We derive the mixed bipartite density matrix for fermionic fields and analytical expressions for NAQC and BN, which depend on Hawking temperature (itself governed by α\alpha α α , d , and rhr_hrh​ r h ). Our results show both correlations degrade monotonically with increasing Hawking temperature, confirm the NAQC-BN hierarchical relationship persists in EGB spacetime, and highlight higher-curvature corrections’ impact on quantum resources.