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arXiv:0707.0379

Dependence of Resonant Absorption Linewidth on Atomic Vapour Column Thickness for D1 Line of Cs Atoms Confined in Nano-Cell

Armen D. Sargsyan, David G. Sarkisyan, Y. Pashayan-Leroy, Claude Leroy, Peter Moroshkin, Antoine Weis

Published Jul 3, 2007• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

A new nano-cell with smoothly varying longitudinal thickness of the atomic vapour layer L in the range of 350 - 5100 nm allowing to study the resonant absorption of D1 and D2 lines of Cs atoms for thicknesses changing from L = Lambda/2 to L = 6 Lambda with the step of Lambda/2 (Lambda = 852 nm or 894 nm are the resonant laser wavelengths) and for different intensities is developed. It is revealed that for low laser intensities there is narrowing of the resonant absorption spectrum for the thicknesses L = (2n + 1)Lambda/2 (where n is an integer) up to L = 7Lambda /2 and broadening of the spectrum for L = n Lambda. For relatively high laser intensity (>1 mW/cm2), velocity selective optical pumping/saturated resonances of a reduced absorption (with the line-width close to the natural one), and centred on the hyperfine transitions occur when L = n Lambda. The possible application of these resonance peaks is given. The developed theoretical model describes well the experiment.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.0707.0379

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A new nano-cell with smoothly varying longitudinal thickness of the atomic vapour layer L in the range of 350 - 5100 nm allowing to study the resonant absorption of D1 and D2 lines of Cs atoms for thicknesses changing from L = Lambda/2 to L = 6 Lambda with the step of Lambda/2 (Lambda = 852 nm or 894 nm are the resonant laser wavelengths) and for different intensities is developed. It is revealed that for low laser intensities there is narrowing of the resonant absorption spectrum for the thicknesses L = (2n + 1)Lambda/2 (where n is an integer) up to L = 7Lambda /2 and broadening of the spectrum for L = n Lambda. For relatively high laser intensity (>1 mW/cm2), velocity selective optical pumping/saturated resonances of a reduced absorption (with the line-width close to the natural one), and centred on the hyperfine transitions occur when L = n Lambda. The possible application of these resonance peaks is given. The developed theoretical model describes well the experiment.
A new nanocell has been elaborated, where the thickness of the atomic vapor column varies smoothly in the range L = 350–5100 nm. The cell allows studying the behavior of the resonance absorption at the D 1 line of cesium atoms by varying the thickness from L = λ / 2 to L = 5 λ with the step λ / 2 (λ being the resonant wavelength of the laser, 894 nm) and the laser intensity. It is shown that at low laser intensities a narrowing of the resonance absorption spectrum is observed for L = (2 n + 1)λ/2 (with an integer n ) up to L = (7/2)λ, whereas for L = n λ the spectrum broadens. The developed theoretical model well describes the experiment.
Abstract A nanometer-thin cell (in the direction of laser beam propagation) has been elaborated with the thickness of the atomic vapor column varying smoothly in the range of . The cell allows one to study the behavior of the resonance absorption over the D 1 line of potassium atoms by varying the laser intensity and the cell thickness (from to with the step where is the resonant wavelength of the laser). It is shown that despite the huge Doppler broadening ( at the cell temperature ), at low laser intensities a narrowing of the resonance absorption spectrum is observed for ( at FWHM) and , whereas for and the spectrum broadens. At moderate laser intensities narrowband velocity selective optical pumping (VSOP) resonances appear at and with the linewidth close to the natural one. A comparison with saturated absorption spectra obtained in a 1.4 cm-sized K cell is presented. The developed theoretical model well describes the experiment.
We report on the investigation of narrow sub-Doppler-width resonances observed at the D2 line of Cs atoms (Fg = 4 → Fe = 3, 4, 5 hyperfine transitions), confined in thin optical cells. These cells have a thickness of L = 6λ (λ = 852 nm) and L = 700 μm, and are irradiated by two narrow-band laser radiations (one with fixed and the other with scanned frequency). We show that for zero frequency detuning of the fixed-frequency laser from the Fg = 4 → Fe = 5 hyperfine transition, its absorption spectrum in the thin cell consists of resonances, centered at the respective hyperfine transitions. The spectral widths of these resonances range from 2 to 20 MHz, and they are characterized by a good contrast and extremely small Doppler background. This spectrum is highly sensitive to the frequency offset of the fixedfrequency laser. The analysis leads to the conclusion that the spatial restriction of Cs vapor suppresses the interaction of the light with atoms with significant velocity component along the direction of the laser beam propagation.
It is demonstrated that the velocity-selective optical pumping/saturation resonances of the reduced absorption in a Rb vapor nanocell with thickness L = λ, 2λ, and 3λ (resonant wavelength λ = 780 nm) allow for the complete elimination of crossover (CO) resonances. We observe well-pronounced resonances corresponding to the F g = 3 → F e = 2, 3, and 4 hyperfine transitions of the 85Rb D2 line with line widths close to the natural width. A small CO resonance located midway between F g = 3 → F e = 3 and F g = 3 → F e = 4 transitions appears only for L ≥ 4λ. The D2 line (λ = 852 nm) in a Cs nanocell exhibits a similar behavior. From the amplitude ratio of the CO and VSOP resonances, it is possible to determine the thickness of the column of alkali vapor in the range of 1–1000 μm. The absence of the CO resonances for nanocells with L ∼ λ is attractive for the frequency reference application and for studying the transitions between the Zeeman sublevels in external magnetic fields.
Abstract The sub-Doppler absorption and fluorescence spectra at the frequencies of D1- and D2-line transitions in Cs atomic vapor, enclosed in a nanocell (NC) with a thickness L ~ 400 nm, have been investigated experimentally at a near-room temperature. It is shown that a decrease in the NC temperature to 35°C causes narrowing of the absorption lines to values smaller than the Doppler width by a factor of 6, due to which the strong spectral broadening induced by laser field can be measured. The high intensity threshold for optical pumping (which limits the fluorescence intensity in centimeter-length cells) made it possible to record fluorescence spectra (using laser power of several milliwatts) at a temperature of 20°C; thus, a frequency marker of transitions in the range of D1,2 lines can be developed based on a room-temperature NC. A comparison with a widely used marker based on saturated absorption is performed.
Absorption and fluorescence in Rb sub-micron cell on D2 line have been studied when the thickness L varies in the range of 0.5 λ - 3.5 λ, and the laser intensity is 0.1 - 1 W/cm2 (λ = 780 nm, λL ~ 5 MHz). When L = (2n +1) λ/2 (n-integer) and I ~ 0.1 W/cm2, revival of peaks of Dicke-type coherent narrowing effect with some modification of the spectra (as compared with low intensity regime) are still observable. The experimental results obtained at I ~ 1 W/cm2 for L = λ/2 show that there are no "dips" of a reduced absorption in the spectra, though there is a strong spectral broadening of the absorption (and fluorescence), as well as a reduction of the absorption (in contrast, I ~ 1 mW/cm2 is sufficient to create the dips when L = λ). Probably, this is caused by a strong Dicke narrowing regime when L = λ/2. Several additional differences of fluorescence and absorption spectra behaviour at high intensities are revealed.