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arXiv:0707.0151

Cooperative enhancement of channeling of emission from atoms into a nanofiber

Fam Le Kien, K. Hakuta

Published Jul 2, 2007• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We show the possibility of directional \textit{guided} superradiance from a string of atoms separated by one or several wavelengths in a line parallel to the axis of a nanofiber. We find that the rate and efficiency of channeling of emission from the atoms into the fiber are cooperatively enhanced by the guided modes.
DOI
10.48550/arxiv.0707.0151

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Emitter ensembles interact collectively with the radiation field. In the case of a one-dimensional array of atoms near a nanofiber, this collective light-matter interaction does not only lead to an increased photon coupling to the guided modes within the fiber, but also to a drastic enhancement of the chirality in the photon emission. We show that near-perfect chirality can be achieved already for moderately sized ensembles, containing 10 to 15 atoms, by phase matching a superradiant collective guided emission mode via an external laser field. This is of importance for developing an efficient interface between atoms and waveguide structures with unidirectional coupling, with applications in quantum computing and communication such as the development of nonreciprocal photon devices or quantum information transfer channels.
We study spontaneous emission of an atom near a nanofiber with two fiber-Bragg-grating (FBG) mirrors. We show that the coupling between the atom and the guided modes of the nanofiber can be significantly enhanced by the FBG cavity even when the cavity finesse is moderate. We find that, when the fiber radius is 200 nm and the cavity finesse is about 30, up to 94% of spontaneous emission from the atom can be channeled into the guided modes in the overdamped-cavity regime. We show numerically and analytically that vacuum Rabi oscillations and strong coupling can occur in the FBG cavity even when the cavity finesse is moderate (about 30) and the cavity length is large (on the order of 10 cm to 1 m), unlike the case of planar and curved Fabry-Perot cavities.