Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:0706.2550 · Journal of Modern Optics

Entanglement swapping in a Franson interferometer setup

Ugo Messina, G. Massimo Palma

Published Sep 10, 2007• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We propose a simple scheme to swap the non-local correlations, characteristic of a Franson interferometric setup, between pairs of frequency entangled photons emitted by distinct nonlinear crystals in a parametric downconversion process. Our scheme consists of two distinct sources of frequency entangled photons. One photon of each pair is sent to a separate Mach--Zehnder interferometer while the other photons of the pairs are mixed by a beam splitter and then detected in an Ou--Mandel interferometer. For suitably postselected joint measurements, the photons sent at the Mach--Zehnder show a coincidence photocount statistics which depends non-locally on the settings of the two interferometers.

DOI
10.1080/09500340701514339

Related papers

A Franson Interferometer for Broadband Frequency-Entangled Photon Pairs

Luis Matheis, Sebastian Gstir, Gregor Weihs +1 more

In a Franson interferometer two-photon interference fringes occur despite the photons never encountering each other [1]. This phenomenon is a fundamental demonstration of the nonlocal nature of quantum mechanics. It serves also as a direct proof of frequency-time-entanglement. Furthermore, it can benefit not only from local, but also nonlocal dispersion cancellation techniques [2], which is a very useful property when working with spectrally broad photon pairs. More specifically, one has to distinguish between dispersion occuring before the individual Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), which constitute the Franson interferometer, and within them. Analysis of influences up to second order has shown that no loss of contrast can be expected from dispersion before the Franson interferometer. Differential second-order dispersion inside the interferometer, however, can cause a reduction of contrast in the interferogram [3].

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe & European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO/Europe-EQEC)•Jun 26, 2023•0 citations

Two-Photon Interference Experiment in a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

Taesoo Kim, Heonoh Kim, Jeong-Hoon Ko +1 more

A two-photon interference experiment is presented in which an entangled pair of photons generated from a parametric down-conversion was incident on two input ports of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The experiment was carried out using two photon coincidence detection with two detectors at the two output ports of the interferometer. The measured coincidence counts exhibit an interference effect with visibility of 0.75 at simultaneous inputs and 0.38 at inputs with different arrival times according to the degree of photon number entanglement.

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea•Jun 1, 2003•11 citations

Swapping intraphoton entanglement to interphoton entanglement using linear optical devices

Asmita Kumari, Abhishek Ghosh, Mohit Lal Bera +1 more

We propose a curious protocol for swapping the intraphoton entanglement between path and polarization degrees of freedom of a single photon to interphoton entanglement between two distance photons that have never interacted. This is accomplished by using an experimental setup consisting of three suitable Mach-Zehnder interferometers along with number of beam splitters, polarization rotators, and detectors. Using the same setup, we have also demonstrated an interesting quantum state transfer protocol, symmetric between Alice and Bob. Importantly, the Bell-basis discrimination is not required in both the swapping and state transfer protocols. Our proposal can be implemented using linear optical devices.

arXiv:1806.01201•Physical Review A•Mar 21, 2019•7 citations

Time-bin entangled photon pairs from spontaneous parametric down-conversion pumped by a cw multi-mode diode laser

Osung Kwon, Kwang-Kyoon Park, Young-Sik Ra +2 more

The Franson interferometer consists of two spatially separated unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometers through which the signal and the idler photons from spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) are made to transmit. It is often used to prepare time-bin entanglement of two photons in the two SPDC pumping regimes: the narrowband regime and the double-pulse regime. In the narrowband regime, the SPDC process is pumped by a narrowband cw laser with the coherence length much longer than the path length difference of the Franson interferometer. In the double-pulse regime, the longitudinal separation between the pulse pair is made equal to the path length difference of the Franson interferometer. In this paper, we propose another regime by which the generation of time-bin entanglement is possible and demonstrate the scheme experimentally.

Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE•Mar 4, 2015•0 citations

The origin of correlation fringe in Franson-type experiments

Byoung Seung HAM

Nonlocal correlation is the key concept in quantum information processing, where quantum entanglement provides such a nonclassical property. Since the first proposal of noninterfering interferometer-based two-photon intensity correlation by Franson (Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 2205 (1989)), the particle nature of photons has been intensively studied for nonlocal correlation using Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). Here, the role of MZIs is investigated with respect to the origin of nonlocal correlation in Franson-type experiments, where the wave nature of photons plays a critical role. Under the coincidence-provided quantum superposition between independent MZIs, we prove that nonlocal correlation can be created from non-entangled photons through the MZIs.

arXiv:2005.14432•May 29, 2020•3 citations

Interference of overlap-free entangled photons with a Mach-Zehnder-like interferometer

Xian‐Min Jin, Chengzhi Peng, Tao Yang +1 more

Using spontaneous parametric down conversion and a 50:50 beam splitter, we generate coaxial polarization-entangled photon pairs, of which the two photons are far separated from each other. The photons are then sent one by one through one port of a modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer. We observe interference fringes with a periodicity half of the single-photon wavelength, independent of the distance between the photons. This feature can find applications in quantum-enhanced measurement.

arXiv:1005.0802•May 5, 2010•0 citations
We propose a simple scheme to swap the non-local correlations, characteristic of a Franson interferometric setup, between pairs of frequency entangled photons emitted by distinct nonlinear crystals in a parametric downconversion process. Our scheme consists of two distinct sources of frequency entangled photons. One photon of each pair is sent to a separate Mach--Zehnder interferometer while the other photons of the pairs are mixed by a beam splitter and then detected in an Ou--Mandel interferometer. For suitably postselected joint measurements, the photons sent at the Mach--Zehnder show a coincidence photocount statistics which depends non-locally on the settings of the two interferometers.
In a Franson interferometer two-photon interference fringes occur despite the photons never encountering each other [1]. This phenomenon is a fundamental demonstration of the nonlocal nature of quantum mechanics. It serves also as a direct proof of frequency-time-entanglement. Furthermore, it can benefit not only from local, but also nonlocal dispersion cancellation techniques [2], which is a very useful property when working with spectrally broad photon pairs. More specifically, one has to distinguish between dispersion occuring before the individual Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs), which constitute the Franson interferometer, and within them. Analysis of influences up to second order has shown that no loss of contrast can be expected from dispersion before the Franson interferometer. Differential second-order dispersion inside the interferometer, however, can cause a reduction of contrast in the interferogram [3].
A two-photon interference experiment is presented in which an entangled pair of photons generated from a parametric down-conversion was incident on two input ports of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The experiment was carried out using two photon coincidence detection with two detectors at the two output ports of the interferometer. The measured coincidence counts exhibit an interference effect with visibility of 0.75 at simultaneous inputs and 0.38 at inputs with different arrival times according to the degree of photon number entanglement.
We propose a curious protocol for swapping the intraphoton entanglement between path and polarization degrees of freedom of a single photon to interphoton entanglement between two distance photons that have never interacted. This is accomplished by using an experimental setup consisting of three suitable Mach-Zehnder interferometers along with number of beam splitters, polarization rotators, and detectors. Using the same setup, we have also demonstrated an interesting quantum state transfer protocol, symmetric between Alice and Bob. Importantly, the Bell-basis discrimination is not required in both the swapping and state transfer protocols. Our proposal can be implemented using linear optical devices.
The Franson interferometer consists of two spatially separated unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometers through which the signal and the idler photons from spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) are made to transmit. It is often used to prepare time-bin entanglement of two photons in the two SPDC pumping regimes: the narrowband regime and the double-pulse regime. In the narrowband regime, the SPDC process is pumped by a narrowband cw laser with the coherence length much longer than the path length difference of the Franson interferometer. In the double-pulse regime, the longitudinal separation between the pulse pair is made equal to the path length difference of the Franson interferometer. In this paper, we propose another regime by which the generation of time-bin entanglement is possible and demonstrate the scheme experimentally.
Nonlocal correlation is the key concept in quantum information processing, where quantum entanglement provides such a nonclassical property. Since the first proposal of noninterfering interferometer-based two-photon intensity correlation by Franson (Phys. Rev. Lett. 62, 2205 (1989)), the particle nature of photons has been intensively studied for nonlocal correlation using Mach-Zehnder interferometers (MZIs). Here, the role of MZIs is investigated with respect to the origin of nonlocal correlation in Franson-type experiments, where the wave nature of photons plays a critical role. Under the coincidence-provided quantum superposition between independent MZIs, we prove that nonlocal correlation can be created from non-entangled photons through the MZIs.