Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:0705.0923

Precise manipulation of a Bose-Einstein condensate using Bragg interactions

K. J. Hughes, Benjamin Deissler, John H. Burke, Charles A. Sackett

Published May 7, 2007• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The use of off-resonant standing light waves to manipulate ultracold atoms is investigated. Previous work has illustrated that optical pulses can provide efficient beam-splitting and reflection operations for atomic wave packets. The performance of these operations is characterized experimentally using Bose-Einstein condensates confined in a weak magnetic trap. Under optimum conditions, fidelities of up to 0.99 for beam splitting and 0.98 for reflection are observed, and splitting operations of up to third order are achieved. The dependence of the operations on light intensity and atomic velocity is measured and found to agree well with theoretical estimates.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.0705.0923

Related papers

High-fidelity manipulation of a Bose-Einstein condensate using an optical standing wave

K. J. Hughes, Benjamin Deissler, John H. Burke +1 more

The use of off-resonant standing light waves to manipulate ultracold atoms is investigated. Previous work has illustrated that Bragg diffraction can provide efficient beam-splitting and reflection operations for atomic wave packets. The performance of these operations is characterized experimentally using Bose-Einstein condensates confined in a weak magnetic trap. Fidelities of 0.99 for beam splitting and 0.98 for reflection are observed, and splitting operations of up to third order are achieved. The dependence of the operations on light intensity and atomic velocity is measured and found to agree well with theoretical estimates.

Physical Review A•Sep 17, 2007•30 citations

Coherent Splitting of Bose-Einstein Condensed Atoms with Optically Induced Bragg Diffraction

Mikio Kozuma, L. Deng, E. W. Hagley +5 more

We have observed Bragg diffraction of a Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms by a moving, periodic, optical potential. The coherent process of Bragg diffraction produced a splitting of the condensate with unidirectional momentum transfer. Using the momentum selectivity of the Bragg process, we separated a condensate component with a momentum width narrower than that of the original condensate. By repeatedly pulsing the optical potential while the atoms were trapped, we observed the trajectory of the split atomic wave packets in the confining magnetic potential.

Physical Review Letters•Feb 1, 1999•464 citations

A Study of Matter-Wave Diffraction in Bose-Einstein Condensates for Atom Interferometry Applications

Yang Guo

Atom interferometers detect inertial effects with considerably larger sensitivity than that of traditional light wave interferometers. They uti- lize the relative small group velocity of coherent matter waves for more precise measurements, which is crucial for possible next-generation in- ertial navigation systems. In a hybrid optical dipole and magnetic trap system we generate Bose-Einstein condensates to be used as the source of matter waves for atom interferometry. We use tailored light pulse sequences to induce Kapitza-Dirac diffraction in the condensates, splitting them into multiple parts at discrete momentum orders. Nu- merical simulation and experimental realization is given for novel pulse sequences that splits ±4hk momentum orders.

•Jan 1, 2014•0 citations

Lattice-Trapped Atom Interferometry with a Bose-Einstein condensate: Observation and Control of Interactions

Emmett Hough, Tahiyat Rahman, Forest Tschirhart +1 more

Precision interferometry with atomic wavepackets confined in a one-dimensional optical lattice is an emergent paradigm in quantum sensing of forces and fields, with applications in gravimetry, accelerometry, geophysics, and fundamental physics tests. We report on the realization of a lattice-trapped interferometer where the two arms are sourced from a weakly-interacting ytterbium Bose-Einstein condensate, coherently split and trapped by pulsed optical standing waves before recombination. We directly observe atomic interactions through contrast changes and phase shifts of the interferometer. By changing either the atom number or the sample volume to vary the density, we demonstrate control over interactions and optimize interferometer performance. Our observations are effectively captured by a mean-field theoretical model of the system. This work experimentally probes the boundary where improved performance from source brightening through higher phase space density transitions into a regime beyond single-atom physics in lattice-trapped atom interferometry, and opens a door to incorporating many-body effects for metrological advances in such platforms.

cond-mat.quant-gasCross-listedarXiv:2605.27777•May 28, 2026•0 citations

Dynamical control of matter-wave splitting using time-dependent optical lattices

Sung Jong Park, Henrik Kjaer Andersen, Sune Mai +2 more

We report on measurements of splitting Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) by using a time-dependent optical lattice potential. First, we demonstrate the division of a BEC into a set of equally populated components by means of time-dependent control of Landau-Zener tunneling in a vertical lattice potential. Next, we apply time-dependent optical Bragg mirrors to a BEC oscillating in a harmonic trap. We demonstrate high-order Bragg reflection of the condensate due to multiphoton Raman transitions, where the depth of the optical lattice potential allows for a choice of the order of the transition. Finally, a combination of multiple Bragg reflections and Landau-Zener tunneling allows for the generation of macroscopic arrays of condensates with potential applications in atom optics and atom interferometry.

arXiv:1203.6683•Physical Review A•Mar 21, 2012•13 citations

Measuring polarizabilities using a Bose-Einstein condensate interferometer

Benjamin Deissler

An atom interferometer using Bose-Einstein condensates has been implemented and is used to measure the dynamic polarizability of 87Rb. An off-resonant standing-wave laser beam is used to manipulate the motion of atomic wavepackets in order to implement splitting and reflection operations. It is demonstrated that these operations can be performed with near unity fidelity. Interferometer times of up to 72 ms as well as arm separations of up to 0.42 mm are achieved experimentally. The primary limitation for guided-wave atom interferometers with a large arm separation is found to be the effect of the confining potential along the waveguide axis. Such a potential causes a spatially varying phase shift on the wavepackets as they propagate in the interferometer. Different parts of the cloud therefore interfere with different phases, leading to a reduction of the interferometer contrast. A model of the phase shifts on the wavepackets agrees well with the experimental data. In a different scheme in which the wavepackets oscillate freely in the confining potential, these phase shifts completely cancel. Interference is observed at times up to 0.9 s in this case, but with a fluctuating overall phase of the output, which is attributed to mechanical instabilities. Finally, the dynamic polarizability of 87Rb is measured. A well-calibrated laser beam is applied to one atomic packet and not the other, inducing a differential phase shift. This technique requires relatively low laser intensity and works for arbitrary optical frequencies. For offresonant light, the ac polarizability is obtained with a statistical accuracy of 3% and a calibration uncertainty of 6%. On resonance, the dispersion-shaped behavior of the Stark shift is observed, but with a broadened linewidth that is attributed to multiple and collective light scattering effects. The resulting nonlinearity may prove useful for the production and control of squeezed quantum states. In general, this work also demonstrates the applicability of condensate interferometry to practical measurements.

•Jan 1, 2008•3 citations
The use of off-resonant standing light waves to manipulate ultracold atoms is investigated. Previous work has illustrated that optical pulses can provide efficient beam-splitting and reflection operations for atomic wave packets. The performance of these operations is characterized experimentally using Bose-Einstein condensates confined in a weak magnetic trap. Under optimum conditions, fidelities of up to 0.99 for beam splitting and 0.98 for reflection are observed, and splitting operations of up to third order are achieved. The dependence of the operations on light intensity and atomic velocity is measured and found to agree well with theoretical estimates.
The use of off-resonant standing light waves to manipulate ultracold atoms is investigated. Previous work has illustrated that Bragg diffraction can provide efficient beam-splitting and reflection operations for atomic wave packets. The performance of these operations is characterized experimentally using Bose-Einstein condensates confined in a weak magnetic trap. Fidelities of 0.99 for beam splitting and 0.98 for reflection are observed, and splitting operations of up to third order are achieved. The dependence of the operations on light intensity and atomic velocity is measured and found to agree well with theoretical estimates.
We have observed Bragg diffraction of a Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms by a moving, periodic, optical potential. The coherent process of Bragg diffraction produced a splitting of the condensate with unidirectional momentum transfer. Using the momentum selectivity of the Bragg process, we separated a condensate component with a momentum width narrower than that of the original condensate. By repeatedly pulsing the optical potential while the atoms were trapped, we observed the trajectory of the split atomic wave packets in the confining magnetic potential.
Atom interferometers detect inertial effects with considerably larger sensitivity than that of traditional light wave interferometers. They uti- lize the relative small group velocity of coherent matter waves for more precise measurements, which is crucial for possible next-generation in- ertial navigation systems. In a hybrid optical dipole and magnetic trap system we generate Bose-Einstein condensates to be used as the source of matter waves for atom interferometry. We use tailored light pulse sequences to induce Kapitza-Dirac diffraction in the condensates, splitting them into multiple parts at discrete momentum orders. Nu- merical simulation and experimental realization is given for novel pulse sequences that splits ±4hk momentum orders.
Precision interferometry with atomic wavepackets confined in a one-dimensional optical lattice is an emergent paradigm in quantum sensing of forces and fields, with applications in gravimetry, accelerometry, geophysics, and fundamental physics tests. We report on the realization of a lattice-trapped interferometer where the two arms are sourced from a weakly-interacting ytterbium Bose-Einstein condensate, coherently split and trapped by pulsed optical standing waves before recombination. We directly observe atomic interactions through contrast changes and phase shifts of the interferometer. By changing either the atom number or the sample volume to vary the density, we demonstrate control over interactions and optimize interferometer performance. Our observations are effectively captured by a mean-field theoretical model of the system. This work experimentally probes the boundary where improved performance from source brightening through higher phase space density transitions into a regime beyond single-atom physics in lattice-trapped atom interferometry, and opens a door to incorporating many-body effects for metrological advances in such platforms.
We report on measurements of splitting Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) by using a time-dependent optical lattice potential. First, we demonstrate the division of a BEC into a set of equally populated components by means of time-dependent control of Landau-Zener tunneling in a vertical lattice potential. Next, we apply time-dependent optical Bragg mirrors to a BEC oscillating in a harmonic trap. We demonstrate high-order Bragg reflection of the condensate due to multiphoton Raman transitions, where the depth of the optical lattice potential allows for a choice of the order of the transition. Finally, a combination of multiple Bragg reflections and Landau-Zener tunneling allows for the generation of macroscopic arrays of condensates with potential applications in atom optics and atom interferometry.
An atom interferometer using Bose-Einstein condensates has been implemented and is used to measure the dynamic polarizability of 87Rb. An off-resonant standing-wave laser beam is used to manipulate the motion of atomic wavepackets in order to implement splitting and reflection operations. It is demonstrated that these operations can be performed with near unity fidelity. Interferometer times of up to 72 ms as well as arm separations of up to 0.42 mm are achieved experimentally. The primary limitation for guided-wave atom interferometers with a large arm separation is found to be the effect of the confining potential along the waveguide axis. Such a potential causes a spatially varying phase shift on the wavepackets as they propagate in the interferometer. Different parts of the cloud therefore interfere with different phases, leading to a reduction of the interferometer contrast. A model of the phase shifts on the wavepackets agrees well with the experimental data. In a different scheme in which the wavepackets oscillate freely in the confining potential, these phase shifts completely cancel. Interference is observed at times up to 0.9 s in this case, but with a fluctuating overall phase of the output, which is attributed to mechanical instabilities. Finally, the dynamic polarizability of 87Rb is measured. A well-calibrated laser beam is applied to one atomic packet and not the other, inducing a differential phase shift. This technique requires relatively low laser intensity and works for arbitrary optical frequencies. For offresonant light, the ac polarizability is obtained with a statistical accuracy of 3% and a calibration uncertainty of 6%. On resonance, the dispersion-shaped behavior of the Stark shift is observed, but with a broadened linewidth that is attributed to multiple and collective light scattering effects. The resulting nonlinearity may prove useful for the production and control of squeezed quantum states. In general, this work also demonstrates the applicability of condensate interferometry to practical measurements.